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Alkyd paint is a polyester modified by the addition of fatty acids. The term alkyd, modified from the original name alcide, refers to a combination of alcohol and organic acids. The fatty acid in this causes a flexible coating to form and the paint to dry.
Alkyd paints are produced in different shades of white to black and are divided into three categories: long, medium and short, depending on the percentage of available drying oil composition:
Long oil alkyd paints contain a high percentage of oil and are generally sold as medium concentration coatings and have a high drying speed.
Medium oil alkyd paints are composed of less oil and a higher percentage of polyester and dry more slowly and are used as high-gloss coatings and wood polishes.
Short oil alkyd paint has a much lower percentage of oil than polyester and therefore the air is not dry and only dries by heat.